In December 2008, the OECD and the African Development Bank (“AfDB”) launched a partnership to support African governments in their efforts to fight bribery and corruption. Working with African policymakers, businesses, regional and international organisations, the Joint OECD/AfDB Initiative also aims to boost private-sector competitiveness by promoting standards of corporate integrity and accountability. The Course of Action sets out a number of specific and concrete steps that the countries in the region will endeavour to undertake in their anti-bribery and business integrity efforts, and will serve as the main basis for future work of the Initiative.