Section 1078 of The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act 2010 requires the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”) to conduct a study on the nature, range, and size of variations between the credit scores sold to creditors and those sold to consumers by consumer reporting agencies (“CRA”) that compile and maintain files on consumers on a nationwide basis, and whether such variations disadvantage consumers. The report provides context for understanding these issues by describing the industry as a whole, important industry players, and the complexity of the credit scoring process. It then examines the ways credit scores are obtained and used, and discusses how the differences between the scores provided to creditors and those provided to consumers could disadvantage consumers. Additionally, the report details a substantial data collection and analysis project being carried out by the CFPB that will help characterize the differences between the scores provided to consumers and those provided to creditors.